Retinal tears are a common diagnosis that we see in our practice. Patients often wonder when they have flashes and floaters whether they have a retinal tear or detachment. Many have researched these symptoms on the internet and see the words "retinal tear" and "retinal detachment" and, understandably, become concerned.
The retina is the inner lining of the back wall of the eye. It is a 9 layered structure that "takes the picture" and sends it to the brain by way of the optic nerve. The vitreous is a gel layer made up of collagen and other proteins as well as water that is between the lens, the focusing system of the eye, and the retina. The vitreous is attached at the optic nerve, the macula, and the entire peripheral retina. As we age, our vitreous becomes less gel-like and more liquid. When this occurs, it begins to separate from the retina in stages. When it separates from the peripheral retina, it can cause a retinal tear or hole.
Retinal holes and tears can have many symptoms. Flashes and floaters are common with a benign vitreous detachment as well as a more serious retinal tear. That is why we recommend patients with new flashes and floaters be evaluated by an eye care professional. Some retinal tears have no symptoms and are discovered on routine exam.
A retinal tear is a serious condition because it can lead to a retinal detachment. A retinal detachment occurs when the fluid of the vitreous tracks underneath the layers of the retina through the tear.
If a retinal tear is discovered, often it can be treated before it leads to a detachment. The treatment involves a "welding" process where either laser or freezing is placed around the tear to "glue" it in place. This is not a guaranteed fix because the tear can sometimes pull through the treatment and evolve into a detachment, but is often very successful.
If you have symptoms of a retinal tear please consult an eye care professional.
This blog is for informational purposes only and is not intended to be medical advice. Please consult an eye care professional for medical advice.
